Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale

Background

Zung’s model for depression, the Zung Self-Rating Depression scale, measures psychological and somatic symptoms linked to depression.  In addition, the scale can be used as a screening tool, monitor for changes, and clinical research purposes.

   

The questionnaire includes 20-items testing four common characteristic of depression – the pervasive effect, the physiological equivalents, other disturbances, and psychomotor activities. Respondents are given a 4-point scale to react to positive or negative statements. Approximately 10 minutes is required to complete the test.



Author: Dr. William W.K. Zung

Structure

1. Twenty question survey completed by patient


2. Likert Scale Format


3. Asks half of questions positively and half negatively



1. Negative Example: "I notice that I am losing weight"


2. Positive Example: "I eat as much as I used to"




4. Answers scored on 1 to 4 scale



1. Minimal: None or a little of the time


2. Severe: Most or all of the time

Zung Self-Rating Depression Rating Scale

Questions and Scoring

Please read each statement and decide how much of the time the statement describes how you’ve been feeling during the past 2 weeks. Respond to all statements.

1. I fell down-hearted and blue.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

2. Morning is when I feel the best.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

3. I have crying spells or feel like it.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

4. I have trouble sleeping at night.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

5. I eat as much as I used to.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

6. I still enjoy sex.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

7. I notice that I am losing weight.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

8. I have trouble with constipation.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

9. My heart beats faster than usual.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

10. I get tired for no reason.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

11. My mind is as clear as it used to be.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

12. I find it easy to do the things I used to.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

13. I am restless and can't keep still.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

14. I feel hopeful about the future.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

15. I am more irritable than usual.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

16. I find it easy to make decisions.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

17. I feel that I am useful and needed.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

18. My life is pretty full.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

19. I feel that others would be better off if I were dead.



• A little of the time (1)


• Some of the time (2)


• Good part of the time (3)


• Most of the time (4)

20. I still enjoy the things I used to do.



• A little of the time (4)


• Some of the time (3)


• Good part of the time (2)


• Most of the time (1)

Scores Interpretation

Scores on the test range from 25 through 100. The scores fall into four ranges:

• Score <50: Normal


• Score <60: Mild depression


• Score <70: Moderate or Marked Major Depression


• Score >70: Severe or Extreme Major Depression

Zung Self-Rating Depression Rating Scale

Sources and Additional Information:

http://www.fpnotebook.com/Psych/Exam/ZngSlfRtngDprsnScl.htm

http://www.statisticssolutions.com/zsds

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zung_Self-Rating_Depression_Scale

http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/ZungSelfRatedDepressionScale.pdf